The sergeant, p.36
The Sergeant, page 36
Union battles to take Fort Wagner and Folly Island away from Confederates, 128–30, 133–35, 136, 137
Union camp on, 130, 131
Forrest, Nathan Bedford, 172–73
Fort Lamar, South Carolina, 172–73, 175–76
Fort Pillow, Tennessee, 172–73
Fort Wagner, Coffin Land, Morris Island, South Carolina, 126–27, 128–29, 138–40
Fort Wayne, Michigan, 104
Foster, John G., 168–69
Fox, Charles Bernard biographical info, 119, 122
Black soldiers look for pay dispute solution from, 176, 177–78
on execution of Baker, 171
on Folly Island, 132
on Jones, 135
and Said, 4, 118, 141
Said’s memoir given to Atlantic Monthly, 209
on Vogdes, 140
France, 44, 68, 69–70
Frank Leslie’s Weekly, 85
Freedman’s Bureau, 203–4, 219
freemen in Charleston, South Carolina, 210–11, 211n
Fuad Pasha, Mehmed, 40–41, 42, 44, 47, 47n
the Fulani, 13–14, 15–18
G
Gabriel, Claude, 55
Gannibal, Abram Petrovitch, a.k.a. Ibrahim, son of the sultan of Logone, 49–51, 62
Gardner, Frank, 121, 160
Garnet, Rev. Henry Highland, 98–99
Gillmore, Quincy Adams, 137, 141, 149
Goliah, Sampson, 159
Gorchakov, Mikhail, 70
Gordon, John, 118, 141, 142–43, 146, 178
Graham, John, 189
Grahamville whistle stop for Charleston & Savannah Railroad, 184, 185
Gray, David, 165–66
Grooverville, Georgia, 216–19
H
Hallowell, Edward, 143–44, 164
Hallowell, Norwood, 117–18, 119, 121
harems in Turkey, 40–42
Hartwell, Alfred, 144, 167, 169, 187–88
Harwood, John, 39
Hassan (Arab dwarf in Murzuk), 32
Hatch, John, 185–90, 191
Hayes, Benjamin, 124
Hayes, Rutherford B., 240–41
Hecker, Richard, 182
Honey Hill, Georgia, 184–90
Hoover, Ellen, 109–11, 113
Hotchkiss, Stephen, 245
Howard, Charles, 219
Hunt, Sanford B., 200
hunting in Borno, 24–26
I
Ibrahim, son of the sultan of Logone, a.k.a. Abram Petrovitch Gannibal, 49–51
The Independent (newspaper), 85
Industrial Revolution in Europe, 70
Irish mobs riot in New York City and Boston, 123–24
Ischl, Austria, 67
Islam Barca Gana attempts to lure Denham to, 10–11
Fuad’s wish to “reset the clocks” of, 40–41
jihad in the Hausa Kingdoms, 12–13
man must divide his time equally among all his wives/families, 9
praise for Barca Gana’s example of Muslim faith, 21
Said’s criticism of, 27–28
slaves’ legal rights and paths to freedom, 11–12, 32–33, 34
Trubetzkoy requires Said convert to Christianity, 59–62
Istanbul, Turkey, 39, 40–45, 46–49
Italy, 67, 69, 235
Izmir, Turkey, 38–40
J
Jackson, Richard, 225
Jacksonville, Florida, 148, 153
James, Henry, 119–20
James, Robertson, 119, 138, 178–79
James Island, North Carolina, 128
jihadists from Boko Haram, 7
and dan Fodio, 12–14, 27
the Fulani, 13–14, 15–18
Said’s anger about, 27–28
Jim Crow apartheid in 1888, 250
Johnson, Hezekiah, 169
Johnston, Rev. D. T., 96
Jones, Dennis, 120–21, 133, 154–56
Jones, James, 189
Jordan, Cincinnati, 245
journeys from Aylmer to Detroit, 96, 97
from the Bahamas to Haiti, 89–90
Detroit to Camp Meigs, 116, 117
from Haiti to Aylmer, Canada, 92
Istanbul to Saint Petersburg, 52–53
Izmir to Buyukdere, Turkey, 40
Katsina to Murzuk, through the Sahara Desert, 29–30
Murzuk to Tripoli, 34–35
from New York City to the Bahamas, 85, 86–88
Saint Petersburg to Riga, Latvia, 60
Tripoli to Mecca and back, 36–37
Trubetzkoy’s grand tour, 66–75
K
Kaaba, Mecca, 37
Kanapaux, Charles, 205
Kanapaux, John, 205
Kansas, civil war in, 87
Karnak (steamship), 85, 86–88
Katory, Malem, 22–24, 202–3
Katsina, town in Hausa kingdom overtaken by Usman dan Fodio’s jihadis, 27–28
Kennedy, Randall, ix
Kindils/Tuaregs, Said and friends captured by, 25, 26, 27–30
King, Robert, 188
Kingston, John (Samuel Moore), 124
Kinsley, E. W., 145–46
Kukawa, Borno, 7–8, 14–15, 18
L
landdrost (magistrate) of Paramaribo, Surinam, 78, 79
Langston, John Mercer, 213
languages. See Said, Nicholas, languages used by
Laws, Peter R., 118, 145, 147
lecture tour through Southern states, 223–26
Lee, Robert E., 194
Lee, William, 107
Leigh, W. R., 246
Lewis, John Randolph, 216
Lighthouse Inlet, South Carolina, 127, 130, 132
Lincoln, Abraham Emancipation Proclamation, 108, 177, 177n
launch of military draft, 123
Thanksgiving Day created by, 144
London, Said spends time “alone” in, 76–78
London’s Coloured Opera Troupe (blackface minstrels with white-powdered wigs), 74
Long Island, South Carolina, 142–43
L’Ouverture, Toussaint, 89–90
“Lunatics Ball” sketch (Drake), 80–81, 95
M
Malagalmoutu (Said’s grandfather), 12, 13
mamluk (slave groomed to lead the army), 12
Mandara, Borno, 15–17
Maple Leaf (steamship), 4, 5
Marlborough Head pub bar brawl, London, 77
marriages among slaves, 194–95
Marshfield Plantation school for workers’ children, South Carolina, 204–9
Mary Boardman (ship), 185
Masjid al-Haram mosque, Mecca, 37
Massachusetts Camp Meigs, Reedsville, 117
Second Massachusetts, 159, 160
vote to make up the difference in what Black soldiers were paid by the federal government, 145–46
See also Fifty-Fourth Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry Regiment; Fifty-Fifth Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry Regiment
Mawlid an-Nabi (Prophet’s Birthday) celebration, 24–25
McElwee, Samuel, 246, 250
Mecca, Daoud takes Said to, 36–37
media on Black men as soldiers, 105
on Detroit’s whites reaction to the Emancipation Proclamation, 109
on making a free man out of a slave, 88
on Rochussen incident at Church of the Puritans, NYC, 85
Said compared to a baboon, recanted in another newspaper, 117, 122
See also specific media outlets
Melville, Herman, 137–38
Memphis Commercial Appeal, 252
Menshikov, Alexander Sergeyevich, prince, 46–48, 56–57
Menshikov, Danilovich Sergeyevich, prince, 49–54
Menshikov, Vladimir, 53, 57
Metropolitan Hotel, New York City, 81–82
Michigan’s restrictions on freemen, 106
Miner, Charles, 21
Mitchell, Charles, 188
Môle Saint-Nicolas, Haiti, 90
Montgomery, James, 143
Morrison, Joseph, 166
Morrison, Richard, 154–56, 160, 189
Munich, Germany, 66–67
Murzuk, Fezzan province, Ottoman Empire, 31–34
Muslims. See Islam
N
Napoleon III, emperor of France, 68, 69–70
The Nation (magazine), 6, 208–9
“A Native of Bornoo” (Atlantic Monthly), 209
The Negro as a Soldier (US Sanitary Commission survey synopsis), 200
“The Negro Pundit” (Swinton), 208
the Netherlands, 78–79
Nevsky, Alexander, 61
New York City, New York Metropolitan Hotel, 81–82
riots against the war, 123–24
Said arrives in, 81
segregation in Church of the Puritans, 82, 83–85
Shiloh Presbyterian Church, 84
New York Times, 84, 207–8
Ngazargamu, Borno, 7, 13, 14
Nicholas, tsar of Russia, 63–64, 66–67
Nigeria, 7, 13
Nikolayevna, Maria, 66–67
Nutt, William, 159
O
Oates, William C., 229–30, 250
“The Octoroon” (play), 82
Olustee, Florida, 150–53
Orthodox Church Eastern Orthodox and Roman Catholics fighting each other in Palestine, 43–44
Russia and Orthodox living in the Ottoman Empire, 44, 51–52
Trubetzkoy requires Said to convert to, 59–62
Othello (Shakespeare), allusions to, 49–50
Ottoman Empire, 44–45, 68
P
Palais du Corps Législatif, Paris, 71–72
Palestine, Turks in control; Eastern Orthodox and Roman Catholics fighting each other, 43–44
Paris, France, 68
Patten, Lizzie, 217, 218–19
pay dispute between Black soldiers and US government Black soldiers increase the protests, 176
Black soldiers’ pay for all ranks set at less than a white private, 127, 143
Black soldiers take riskier assignments to show their worth, 128–29
Black soldiers were promised equal pay when they enlisted, 127
celebration of catch-up payday, 180
eight months without pay is taking a huge toll, 157–58
Fifty-Fifth rejects inadequate pay, 143–44
Fifty-Fourth rejects inadequate pay, 130, 143
government agrees to pay everything due to the soldiers who were freemen at the beginning of the war, 177–80
Hallowell writes Andrew about resolving the pay issue, 164
lesson not learned from, 251
military engineers determine Black soldiers work better than white, 140
pay for soldiers in the Fifty-Fifth is two months late, 143
Said is disappointed in US democratic ideals, 130, 145
Schimmelfennig and Said “meet” to discuss, 168–69
white officers punish soldiers for protests; Baker is executed, 169–71
Peter the Great, tsar of Russia, 49, 50
Pickering, Michael, 74
Pierce, Franklin, 86, 87–88, 89
Pierce, Jane, 86
Pillsbury, Albert, 251
Pitikin, Rev. J. B., 21
“plague of humanity: prejudice of color,” 6
Pleasant Valley, Alabama, 232–33
prejudices civilian clothes of Black recruits burned, “wonderful transformation” follows, 117–18
of Copperheads, 109, 116–17
denigration of Black soldiers, 129
in Europe, 72
Montgomery’s hatred for slavery and Black people, 143–44
Said fighting Northern prejudices, 5–6
Said on results from, 145
terminology used during Civil War to late-1800s, ix
See also racism
Prince, Nero, 55
pub brawls, London, 77, 78
R
racism Black men deemed too lazy, too ignorant, too cowardly, and too savage to be soldiers, 104
Black soldiers are killed by Rebels, white are POWs, 172–73
class trumps race on the social ladder, 70–71
individuals of an inferior race can be accepted as equals in European society, 72–73
Irish mob riots and attacks army recruits and police, 123–24
laws against Black people’s participation in society, 106
race-based ownership of slaves in the US, 12
of Said’s new “friends” in South Carolina, 205–6
scientific racism derived from the results of the US Sanitary Commission survey of soldiers, 199–200
of Vogdes, a general in the Union Army, 135–36, 140–41
white teachers and principal hired for Black schools, 106–7
young girls report being raped by a man who might have Negro blood; leads to guilty verdict and white men rioting, 109–14
See also prejudices
Randolph, Benjamin Franklin, 213, 215
Ransier, Alonzo, 213, 214, 215, 250
rat and the toad fable, 23
Recruit (tall-masted schooner), 4–5, 6, 126–27, 129–30, 132
Ribeaupierre, Tatiana, 60–61
Richards, Fannie, 107–8
Richards, John, 108, 114
Rifat Pasha, Sadik, 47–48, 47n, 51
Riga, Latvia, 60–62
Ripley, Roswell S., 135–36
Roberts, George, 188
Roberts, John, 183
Rochussen, Isaac Jacob biographical info, 78–79, 93–96
letters to London’s Anti-Slavery Reporter, 84–85, 95–96
marriage to Katharine Anne Drake, 80–81, 94–95, 97–98
New York City church refuses to let Said “mingle” with the whites, 83–85
Said abandoned by, 92–93
Said becomes his valet de chambre for one year of travel, 79–80
Rochussen, Jan Jacob, prime minister of the Netherlands, 78
Rochussen, Katharine Anne Drake, 80–81, 94–95, 98
Royal Yacht Regatta, Ryde, Isle of Wight, 73
Russia Africans as indentured servants add flair to a household, 55–56
and Orthodox living in the Ottoman Empire, 44, 51–52
slavery illegal in, 53
war with Turkey in 1828, 46–47
winter in, 60
Russian language, learning, 51, 54–55
S
Sahara desert, 25, 29–30
Said, Mohammed Ali ben boarding school, 22–23, 24
captured by Kindils, 26, 27–30
childhood, 1–2, 7, 17–18
choosing slavery over freedom, 32–33
circumcision of, 24
conversion to Orthodox Christianity, 59–62
crossing the Sahara desert, 29–30
Daoud’s tobacco store is lost, Said is sold, 38
hunting during Mawlid an-Nabi, 24–26
learning the tobacco trade, 35–36, 38
Menshikov’s interest in, 49–51
on mistreatment of women, 42
mocking Trubetzkoy, 60
on Saint Petersburg, Russia, 52–53
symbols of lineage carved into his body, 8–9
See also journeys; Said, Nicholas; Said, Nicholas, “The Sergeant”
Said, Nancy, daughter of Nicholas Said, 225–26
Said, Nicholas biographical info, 3–4, 6, 115, 221, 249–52
abandoned by Rochussen in Aylmer, Canada, 84–85, 95–96
accusations of fraud for selling subscriptions to his unwritten memoir, 231
Africa beckons him, 73, 74–75
application to work for African Civilization Society, 98–102
backing the Union because the Confederacy was worse, 115
baptism and receiving his Christian name, 60–61
and British aristocrats, 71, 72–73
and Calbreath, 258–61
concluding passage of autobiography as his epitaph, 247
decision to stay in South Carolina and teach, 201–2
disgraced by mixing with his inferiors, 70–71
drinking “the excellent Bavarian beer,” 67
and Evans, James S., Jr., 252–58
fighting a two-front war against Southern slavery and Northern prejudices, 5–6
on Haiti, 89, 90, 91–92
learning French, 62, 67–68
lecture tour through Southern states, 223–26
and liberated Africans in the Bahamas, 88–89
in love, 67, 194–95
lying about his military service while living in Georgia, 222–26
marriage to two women, 237
mathematics too challenging for, 68
Northerners don’t want soldiers of African heritage, 103–4
philosophical discussion with Wilder, 196–200
pressure to finish his expanded memoir, 226
publication of his memoirs, 235–36
religious beliefs, 27–28, 59–62, 99–102
Rochussen’s job offer to travel in the Americas, 79–80
Rochussen’s true character becomes clear, 93
as stewart/assistant for regimental hospital on Folly Island, 182–83
teaching at Marshfield Plantation school, 204–9
teaching children in Charleston, 212–15
teaching in Grooverville, Georgia, 217–18
teaching in South Carolina, 202–9
in Thomasville, Georgia, 219–20, 223
voyage on the Recruit, 4–5, 6
working at Bolan’s chapel/Union hospital, 186, 188–89
See also journeys; Said, Mohammed Ali ben; Said, Nicholas, “The Sergeant”
Said, Nicholas, languages used by Arabic, 22–23, 24, 43, 69, 202–3
Armenian, 3–4
English, 69, 102
French, 62, 67–68, 69
German, 69
Greek, 3–4, 102
Hebrew, 3–4, 204
Italian, 3, 69
Kanuri, 3
Mandara, 3
Russian, 51, 54–55
Turkish, 34, 43, 49
